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= '''Glossary''' =
= '''Appendix''' =
'''A-square:''' Any edge square which is separated from the nearest corner by one other edge square (see Diagram 1-2).


'''Anchor:''' One or more edge pieces which cannot easily be eliminated by the opposition, offering protection against a wipe-out.


'''B-square:''' Any edge square which is separated from the nearest corner by two other edge squares (see Diagram 1-2).  
  <u>'''The following information is from 2003 and some of it is no longer up-to-date. We intend to maintain up-to-date data elsewhere (outside of this book) on the wiki.'''</u>


'''Balanced edge:''' An edge occupied by six adjacent discs of the same color, both corners being vacant.


'''Blackline:''' The diagonal running from h1 to a8.
== '''Internet resources''' ==


'''Break a diagonal:''' Establish a disc on a diagonal controlled by the opponent.  
There is an abundance of useful Othello websites on the Internet. The list below represents only a small fraction of what is available.


'''C-square:''' Any edge square which is adjacent to a corner (see Diagram 1-2).
=== Othello Programs ===


'''Control the center:''' Having discs bunched in the center of the board while the opponent’s discs are on the outside.


'''Diagonal control:''' Having a line of several discs of the same color on a diagonal line while the opponent has no discs on the same line.  
'''WZebra''' http://www.nada.kth.se/~gunnar/othello.html
WZebra, written by Gunnar Andersson and Lars Ivansson, is the Windows version of Zebra, one of the strongest Othello-playing programs in the world. Zebra offers a full range of features, including the ability to examine the Thor database of transcripts (see below).


'''Even number theory:''' When there is a region with an even number of empty squares, it is usually better to have your opponent initiate play in the region.  
'''Ntest''' http://www.btinternet.com/~chris.welty/Ntest/index.htm
Ntest, written by Chris Welty, is the strongest program available to the public.


'''Extract:''' Flip an interior disc that was valuable for the opponent.  
'''Transcript downloading page''' http://www.ffothello.org/info/base.html
Transcripts of games played in most of the important tournaments held around the world are collected by the FFO and entered into the Thor database, which now includes more than 70,000 games. Thor is the name of the original program used to examine the games in the database. Although the database is still maintained in Thor’s format, these days most people use WZebra to access the games.


'''Feeding the opponent:''' Intentionally giving the opponent options in a region.  
'''Icare''' http://othello.federation.free.fr/info/logiciels/
Icare, written by Luc Riviere (with help from Stephane Nicolet), is a program useful for practicing endgames. A position from an actual game is shown, with between 6 and 12 empty squares. You must finish the game, playing against the computer, which always makes the best move. In each position, only one of your available moves is correct, and you must play perfectly to win (or draw). If you fail you can try again as many times as you want, and if you really get stuck there is a “show” button which will show the correct move. Icare is a relatively simple program, but it makes practicing endgames fun.


'''Forced move:''' A move on which a player has only one legal play.  
'''Happy End''' http://www.nada.kth.se/~gunnar/othello.html
Like Icare, Happy End (written by Beppi Menzonni) allows you to practice end-games, but it is has many more features and is closer to playing in a real game. The current version, Happy End III, uses WZebra’s endgame algorithm and is thus very fast. The program draws positions from the Thor database, so you should download at least some of the database files before using Happy End. Note that if you make enough bad moves, the program will insult you in broken English!


'''Free move:''' A move available to only one player which can be deferred until later in the game and which, when taken, does not create any safe responses for the opponent.
=== National Othello Associations ===


'''Frontier disc:''' A disc which borders one or more empty squares.  
'''Australia''' http://www.acslink.aone.net.au/sandhurst/othello


'''Gain a tempo:''' To achieve an advantage of timing by deriving one more viable move than the opposition from play within a limited area of the board and thereby in effect transferring to the opposition the burden of initiating play elsewhere.  
'''Britain''' http://www.ugateways.com/bofmain.html


'''Hyper even-number theory:''' A player can force his opponent to initiate play in an even-numbered region if the player does not have access to any of the squares in the region.  
'''Canada''' http://free.hostdepartment.com/o/othellocanada


'''Interior disc:''' A disc which is completely surrounded by other discs.  
'''Chezk''' http://Republic hrejsi.cz/othello/cfo/index.htm


'''Interior sweep:''' A strategy by which one side creates a large number of stable interior discs, usually sacrificing edge discs in the process.  
'''China''' http://www.othello-china.com


'''Internal disc:''' Same as interior disc.  
'''Denmark''' http://www.othello.dk


'''Loud move:''' A move which creates many new frontier discs.  
'''Finland''' http://www.othello.tk


'''Main diagonal:''' One of the two eight-square diagonals running between two corners (see Diagram 6-16).  
'''France''' http://othello.federation.free.fr


'''Pair:''' Two empty squares such that if a player moves to one of the squares, his opponent will want to play in the other.  
'''Germany''' http://www.othello-club.de.vu


'''Parity:''' The ability to get the last move in every or almost every region.  
'''Holland''' http://www.othello.nl


'''Poison disc:''' A disc which turns what would otherwise be a quiet move into a loud move.  
'''Hong Kong''' http://www.othello.org.hk


'''Poisoned move:''' A potentially quiet move which is a loud move because of a poison disc.  
'''Italy''' http://www.fngo.it


'''Quiet move:''' A move which does not create many new frontier discs.  
'''Japan''' http://www.othello.gr.jp


'''Run out of moves:''' A position in which the player to move has no safe moves available.  
'''United States''' http://www.usothello.com


'''Safe move:''' A move which does not concede a corner.  
'''Singapore''' http://www.othello.org.sg


'''Semi-forced move:''' A move which is forced not by the rules of the game but rather by tactical considerations.  
'''Sweden''' http://www.othello.nu


'''Stable disc:''' A disc which cannot be flipped no matter what moves are made throughout the rest of the game.  
'''Russia''' http://www.ase.ee/%7Egersimo/ario/arioframe.htm


'''Stoner trap:''' A sequence of moves forcing the capture of a corner by first controlling a main diagonal with an X-square move, then attacking a corner so that if the oppo- nent defends the corner, he flips the X-square. See Diagram 9-25.
=== Links ===


'''Swindle:''' A situation where one player gets both moves in a pair because, following the first move into the pair, the opponent does not have a legal move to the other square in the pair.  
'''Bluez Othello links''' http://bluez2000.tripod.com/OthelloLinks.html


'''Tesuji:''' A good move or sequence of moves that can be used in certain frequently-occurring positions.  
'''FDI's Othello links''' http://www.frankdh.demon.nl/othello


'''Unbalanced edge:''' An edge occupied by five adjacent discs of the same color, one C-square and both corners being vacant.  
=== Blogs etc. ===


'''Wall:''' A connected group of frontier discs of the same color.
'''Othello Gateway''' http://www.othellogateway.com
 
'''Wedge:''' A disc or line of several discs of the same color on an edge which is abutted on both sides by opposition discs, or playing a move which creates a wedge.
 
'''Whiteline:''' The diagonal running from a1 to h8.  
 
'''Wing:''' An unbalanced edge.
 
'''Wipe-out:''' A game which ends with all the discs on the board the same color.
 
'''X-square:''' Any edge square which is diagonally adjacent to a corner (see Diagram 1-2).  




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Version vom 1. Januar 2023, 16:46 Uhr

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Navigation: Main Page > Book Rose ‎<< previous chapter << - >> next chapter >>


Appendix

 The following information is from 2003 and some of it is no longer up-to-date. We intend to maintain up-to-date data elsewhere (outside of this book) on the wiki.


Internet resources

There is an abundance of useful Othello websites on the Internet. The list below represents only a small fraction of what is available.

Othello Programs

WZebra http://www.nada.kth.se/~gunnar/othello.html WZebra, written by Gunnar Andersson and Lars Ivansson, is the Windows version of Zebra, one of the strongest Othello-playing programs in the world. Zebra offers a full range of features, including the ability to examine the Thor database of transcripts (see below).

Ntest http://www.btinternet.com/~chris.welty/Ntest/index.htm Ntest, written by Chris Welty, is the strongest program available to the public.

Transcript downloading page http://www.ffothello.org/info/base.html Transcripts of games played in most of the important tournaments held around the world are collected by the FFO and entered into the Thor database, which now includes more than 70,000 games. Thor is the name of the original program used to examine the games in the database. Although the database is still maintained in Thor’s format, these days most people use WZebra to access the games.

Icare http://othello.federation.free.fr/info/logiciels/ Icare, written by Luc Riviere (with help from Stephane Nicolet), is a program useful for practicing endgames. A position from an actual game is shown, with between 6 and 12 empty squares. You must finish the game, playing against the computer, which always makes the best move. In each position, only one of your available moves is correct, and you must play perfectly to win (or draw). If you fail you can try again as many times as you want, and if you really get stuck there is a “show” button which will show the correct move. Icare is a relatively simple program, but it makes practicing endgames fun.

Happy End http://www.nada.kth.se/~gunnar/othello.html Like Icare, Happy End (written by Beppi Menzonni) allows you to practice end-games, but it is has many more features and is closer to playing in a real game. The current version, Happy End III, uses WZebra’s endgame algorithm and is thus very fast. The program draws positions from the Thor database, so you should download at least some of the database files before using Happy End. Note that if you make enough bad moves, the program will insult you in broken English!

National Othello Associations

Australia http://www.acslink.aone.net.au/sandhurst/othello

Britain http://www.ugateways.com/bofmain.html

Canada http://free.hostdepartment.com/o/othellocanada

Chezk http://Republic hrejsi.cz/othello/cfo/index.htm

China http://www.othello-china.com

Denmark http://www.othello.dk

Finland http://www.othello.tk

France http://othello.federation.free.fr

Germany http://www.othello-club.de.vu

Holland http://www.othello.nl

Hong Kong http://www.othello.org.hk

Italy http://www.fngo.it

Japan http://www.othello.gr.jp

United States http://www.usothello.com

Singapore http://www.othello.org.sg

Sweden http://www.othello.nu

Russia http://www.ase.ee/%7Egersimo/ario/arioframe.htm

Links

Bluez Othello links http://bluez2000.tripod.com/OthelloLinks.html

FDI's Othello links http://www.frankdh.demon.nl/othello

Blogs etc.

Othello Gateway http://www.othellogateway.com


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